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Abbasid Empire Era |
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The Abbasid Empire Era refers to a dynasty of the Caliph of Baghdad. This was the second of the two most eminent caliphates in the Arabian empire. The Caliphs generally known as Abbasids ruled out the Umayyad caliphs. The caliphate was made by descendant of the youngest uncle of Muhammad the Islamic Prophet. The Abbasid Empire era is also an important period in the history of Egypt of Middle ages.
Beginning of the Abbasid Empire Era
The Abbasid Empire Era began in the year 750 AD. The Abbasid Empire Era began when the Abbasid caliphs legitimized their claim to caliphate due to being the descendant of Abbas Ibn Abd al Muttalib, the youngest uncle of Muhammad. This helped them to prove themselves as the rightful heirs of Muhammad which distinguishes them from the Umayyad caliphs.
Important event of Abbasid Empire Era
Muhammad Ibn Ali the great grandson of Abbas began the campaign for the return of power ot the Family of Muhammad, who are known as the Hashimites in Persia. At that time Umar II was the ruler of Persia. During the rule of Marwan II of the caliphates opposed each other. The first one to rebel was Ibrhm the Imam. He was later captured and was found dead in Prison. His brother Abdallah took up the opposition and ended up winning the battle against the Umayyad caliphate. He later became the Caliph too.
In the year 762 the capital of the caliphate was shifted to Baghdad. For the next two centuries the Abbasid Empire Era flourished trmendously. But, after that with the rising power of the Turkish army the era faced a decline. This Turkish army, known as Mamluks was created by them. The Abbasid Empire Era came to an end when the infamous Mongol conqueror Hulagu Khan sacked Baghdad. Thus the Abbasid Empire Era was in power from the year 750 to the year 1258.
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Fall of the Abbasid Empire Era
The reason behind the fall of the Abbasid Empire Era was that some of the important members of the dynasty became fond of easy living and began to ignore their responsibilities. Baghdad, the capital of Abbasid Empire Era was captured by the Seljuks and there was poor leadership. Another reason behind the fall of the Abbasid Empire Era is the revolt of the Fatimids.
Abbasid Empire Era is often considered as the golden age in Islam history of ruling. During the era Baghdad became the popular center for education. Islamic philosophy, literature, astronomy, scince and mathematics flourished at a rapid rate in this era.
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