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Byzantine First Period |
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The Byzantine first period belonged to the Greek history. It is one of the least understood and the most important pages of history. The Byzantine first period saw the emergence of orthodox Christians in Greece, the Balkans and Russia. With the fall of Constantinople marked the end of Christianity in the middleast. As there was rise of Ottoman-Muslim power and the friction between different religious groups still exists today. The Byzantine first period was known for their knowledge and art
which played a pivotal role in bringing the Renaissance paintings in Europe.
Some historians date the beginnings of Byzantine first period to the reign of Theodosius I from the year 379 to 395 A.D. This was the time when the pagan Romans took a prominent existence following the death of Theodosius I in 395, when there were political division in the Roman empire. While some of the historians say that the Byzantine first period started in 476, when Romulus Augustulus, the last western Emperor, was removed from power and leaving the whole legacy for the Greeks. While other
claim during the time of Heraclius in the year 625.
The term "Byzantine" is the outcome of choice by Constantine the Great to convert the ancient Greek empire of Byzantis into his new empire and change the name to Constantinople, the city of Constantine. At the same time, there were new formation and establishment of orthodox doctrines. There were also a series of conflicts resulting from the doctrines that developed within the boundaries of the empire which marked the early Byzantine first period.
The conditions and crisis under which the Roman empire was founded in the 3rd century brought about many changes from Roman to Byzantine empire. The Roman empire was faced crisis of public finance. There were many kinds of reforms by the Byzantine first period in the fields like finance, administration and fiscal policy which stabilized the economy. While the agriculture and urban financial activities were the major features of the proto-Byzantine economy.
The downfall of the Byzantine empire is shown in the depreciation value of its currency during the times of Comneni. During this time the period of gold solidus lost its high value and its commercial importance.
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It is noted that at the same time there were beginnings of the large finance like Geldwirtschaft. Speaking about the Egypt the Byzantines ruled over this country for quite a long time.
The Byzantine first period comprised of countries like western Europe and they followed the barter system or exchange of commodities in kind. But the payment to occupy or improve a piece of land were already paid in money during the Comneni period. By the 14th Century the Ottoman Turks captured Thessaloniki and Macedonia. On the year of 1453 the empire of Constantinople was seized and this marked end of the Byzantine Empire and the beginning of the Ottoman empire.
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