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| Egypt Flights Home » History of Egypt |
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History of Egypt |
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The history of Egypt is a rich and longer than the history of any other country in the world. Egypt is the witness to the growth and decline of several ancient civilizations. The historians have divided the history of Egypt into eight periods. They are history of Ancient Egypt, of Achaemenid Egypt, of Ptolemaic Egypt, of Roman Egypt, of Arab Egypt, of Ottoman Egypt, of Egypt under the Muhammad Ali dynasty, of Modern Egypt. While dealing with the history of Egypt, all these historical periods in Egypt have to be dealt with separately.
As far as the history of Egypt is concerned, the archaeologists have found out that a distinct culture that its growth around the Nile Valley from 5000 BC. The great Pharaonic period in Egypt commenced in 3100 BC and survived till 332 BC. It is during the Pharaonic period that The Upper and the Lower Egypt got unified. The credit of uniting Egypt goes to the great Pharoah Menes. It is in 332 BC that Alexander the Great invaded Egypt and put an end to the Pharaonic era.
The history of Achaemenid Egypt has been categorized into three periods: The period of Persian invasion followed by a period of independence, and the Final era of occupation. It is during the first era of Persian invasion that Egypt emerged as a satrapy.
It is with the invasion of Egypt by Alexander the Great of Macedonia that the Ptolemaic period in Egypt began. The Ptolemaic period in Egypt came to an end with the demise of the Egyptian queen, Cleopatra and the Roman invasion of Egypt in 30 BC.
The Queen of Egypt, Cleopatra, and Antony got defeated in the Battle of Actium , and this marked the commencement of Roman Period in the history of Egypt. 639 AD marks the Islamic conquest of Egypt. In the initial years of Islamic rule in Egypt, the governors carried out the responsibility of governance in the name of Ummayad Caliphs.
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However, in 747, the the prowess of the Arabs began to decline as a direct consequence of the defeat of the Ummayads. True that Egypt was under the nominal administration of the Abbasid Caliphate, but its rulers were capable of establishing quasi-independent dynasties like that of the Ikhshidids and the Tulunids.
It is in the year 1517 that Egypt was invaded by the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman period was followed by the period ruled by the Muhammad Ali Pasha dynasty. Egypt underwent tremendous reform during the period when the Muhammad Ali Pasha dynasty came to power. The modern period in the history of Egypt started in the year 1882.
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