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New Kingdom |
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The new kingdom is also said to be the Egyptian empire. It is the era in the ancient history of Egypt from the period of 11th century BC to 16th century BC. During this time Egypt was ruled by the eighteenth,nineteenth and twentieth dynasties of Egypt. The new kingdom rules from 1070 BC to 1570 BC, which was followed the second intermediate period and was taken over
by the third intermediate period. It was one of the most prosperous period in the history of Egypt.
After Amosis over powered the Hyksos and founded the eighteenth dynasty, the Egyptian kings saw to it that their land never went into the hands of a foreign ruler. When the Hyksos were ruling Egypt, it is one of the most chaotic and shameful period for the Egyptians. They were determined not to let any foreign king rule over Egypt ever again. Speaking about Egypt, this was the period that saw the emergence of the warrior-kings, the great generals who dedicated their live towards the protection of their land. They had efficient administrative system and constructed defensive walls and forts all along the Egyptian border to protect it from any foreign ruler. They were great warriors and actively captured territories outside of Egypt, such as Palestine and Syria.
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Nectanebo II was overpowered by the Persian rulers and they reconquered Egypt. One of the Greek rulers named Artaxerxes tried to invade These pharaohs in Egypt overpowered foreign lands and took high taxes from them, thus contributing towards the prosperity of Egypt. They faced all foreign invasions. Speaking about Egypt of that era,these pharaohs in Egypt constructed huge statues of great warrior kings and adorned the tombs of these great warriors with jewels and other wealth. The greatest of the warrior-kings was Tuthmosis III, who was known for his brave and brilliant general.
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By this time,the new kingdom had made huge wealth. They were known to adorn their gods with these lavish wealth and jewelery. One of their God was the Amun-Re of Thebes, whose temple has been built at Karnak. The temple was the main place of worship for the dynasties of the new kingdom.
Most of the rulers of the nineteenth dynasty formed an administrative capital near the delta of the river Nile. While the kingdom of Thebes remained one of the cultural and religious center. The pharaohs constructed their temple of cremation and were buried the dead in huge tombs cut from rocks decorated with fine paintings depicting the religious texts and pictures of after life. There was small town founded towards the western Thebes for the artists who created these tombs. This place is known as Deir el-Medina,where one can get lots of information about life of the artisans and craftsmen in the Egyptian
community .
The new kingdom was known for monumental architecture and statues of gods and pharaohs. It was a kingdom that ruled for nearly fifty years during which there was political stability and economic prosperity. This period was also known for wealth of artistic masterpieces made by the non royal individuals.
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