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| Egypt Flights Home » The Fatimids Era |
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The Fatimids Era |
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The Fatimids Era refers to the Arab Shi'a Dynasty which ruled the different areas of Maghreb, Egypt and the Levant. The era began of 5th January in the year 909 and ended somewhere in the year 1171. The Fatimids are also known for establishing the city of Cairo in Egypt as the capital of their empire. The Fatimids are also known as Fatimid Caliphate and al-fatimiyyun. The Fatimids Era is considered as a small but important era in the history of Egypt.
In The Fatimids Era the elites who ruled the stat e belonged to the Ismaili Branch of Shi'ism. The leaders who ruled the dynasty were Imams from the Shia Ismaili branch. So it can be said that the imams had some religious significance of Ismaili Muslims. The imams also held the office of Caliphs. In fact all of them were part of a chain of holders of the prestigious post of Caliphs. This can be the first time when the Shia Imamate and Caliphate came together after the caliphate of Ali himself.
During the Fatimids Era the Fatimids were known for their religious tolerance. They showed religious tolerance towards the non Ismaili section of Muslims. They also showed religious tolerance towards the Jews and the Coptic Christians. Thus the Fatimids Era, in spite of being a Muslim Dynasty was secular and liberal to other religions.
The Fatimids originated from Ifriqiya which is at present the country of Tunisia and eastern part of Algeria. The Fatimids Era founded in the year 909 by Abullah al Mahdi Billah. He soon began to control the entire central Maghreb. He began to rule the area from mahdia , his capital. In the late 900s the Fatimids entered Egypt. They conquered the Ikhshidid dynasty and founded the new capital at Cairo which was then known as Al- Qahirat. Cairo became the royal enclosure for the Fatimid caliph and his army. During The Fatimids Era the Fatimids also conquered the surrounding areas. They conquered Syria, Sicily and southern Italy.
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During the Fatimids Era Egypt became the central part of an empire that included North Africa, Sicily, Palestine, Syria, Lebanon, Yemen, Hejaz and the Red sea coast. Soon the Fatimids began to expand their trade networks to the Mediterranean and Indian Ocean. They also had diplomatic ties with China. This way the economic status of Egypt grew stronger.
In the 1040s the Zirids announced their conversion to Sunni Islam and their independence from Fatimids. This was followed by Banu hilal invasions. The Turkish Invasions and the crusades also hastened the decay and fall of The Fatimids Era. Later in the year 1169 Ayyubid Sultan Shirkuh and his nephew Saladin took over Egypt and founded Ayyubid dynasty.
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