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Burji Mamluks |
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Burji Mamluks refer to another type of Mamluks. These Mamluks too rose to power and ruled Egypt during the fourteenth century. The dynasty founded by the Burji Mamluks is an important part of the history of the Mamluks. The Burji Mamluks rule Egypt from the year 1982 to the year 1517.
The meaning of the name of the Burji Mamluks
The Burji Mamluks refers to the mamluks who lived in the city of Cairo. The word Burji mean of the tower and so the Mamluks who ruled the each citadel of Cairo were given this name. The name distinguishes the Burji Mamluks from the Bahri mamluks.
From the year 1250 the country of Egypt was ruled by the bahri Dynasty consisting of the Turkish Mamluks. In the year 1377 there was a revolt in Syria. The revolt then spread over all parts of Egypt. At that time two Circassians named barakah and Barkuk took over the government. Later in the year 1382 Barkuk was declared as the sultan of Egypt in the year 1382. This incident marked the end of the Bahri dynasty and as the beginning of the Burji dynasty. In the year 1389 Barkuk was expelled from Cairo but in the very next year he again conquered Cairo. After returning to power permanently Burkuk founded the Burji dynasty.
During the rule of the Burji Mamluks, Egypt was attacked by Timur, Bayezid I and the kingdom of Cyprus. But the Burji Mamluks fought bravely and regained their land and rooted out the ailen powers. During the rule of Egyptian sultan Barsbai the population of Egypt was considerably reduced.
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In the year 1453 Al Ashraf came to power. He had a friendly relation with the Ottoman Empire. He captured Constantinople. But during the rule of Khoshkadam who came to power in the year 1463 the Egyptian dynasty and the Ottoman dynasty were merged together and incorporated the Ottoman Empire in Egypt. Even after the incorporation of Egypt in the Ottoman dynasty the problems remained. In the year 1517 the ottoman Turks along with their sultan Selim I defeated the Burji Mamluks and took over Egypt. This way the Burji dynasty came to an end.
The Burji Mamluks ruled the country of Egypt for nearly 150 years. In this short span of 150 years almost 29 rulers ruled Egypt and all of them belong to Burji Mamluks.
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